Female population constituted 49.8% of Turkey’s population
In Turkey, while male population was 40 million 43 thousand 650 persons, female population was 39 million 771 thousand 221 persons in 2016. In other words male population constituted 50.2% of the population and female population constituted 49.8%. Because of females live longer than males, this proportional balance changes for the benefit of females in the age group of 65 and older. Male population constituted 43.9% of elder population and female population constituted 56.1%.
Female life expectancy at birth is 80.7 years
According to life tables, 2015 results; life expectancy at birth is 78 years at total, 75.3 years for males and 80.7 years for females. In general, females live longer than males and the difference in life expectancy at birth is 5.4 years.
Illiterate female population is 5 times more than illiterate male population
In Turkey, while the proportion of total illiterate population in 25 and over age groups is 5.4%, this proportion is 1.8% for male population and 9% for female population in 2015.
While the proportion of high school and equivalent graduates in 25 and over age groups is 19.5%, this proportion is 23.5% for males and 15.6% for females. The proportion of total higher education graduates is 15.5%, this proportion is 17.9% for males and 13.1% for females.
Selected indicators by sex, 2015
Female employment rate was less than half of male employment rate
According to household labor force survey results; in Turkey the employment rate of population aged 15 and over was 46%; this rate was 65% for males and 27.5% for females in 2015.
When the employment rates in member countries of the European Union were analyzed, it was seen that Sweden had the highest employment rate for females with 74% and Greece had the lowest employment rate for females with 42.5% in 2015. The average employment rate for females in European Union countries (28 countries) was 60.4%.
In member countries of the European Union, Netherlands had the highest employment rate for males with 79% and Greece had the lowest employment rate for males with 59.3% in 2015. The average employment rate for males in European Union countries was 70.8%.
Labor force participation rate of educated females is higher
According to household labor force survey results; in Turkey, labor force participation rate of population aged 15 and over was 51.3%, this rate was 71.6% for males and 31.5% for females in 2015.
When labor force participation rate by education status was investigated, it was seen that the higher education status of females, females participated more to labor force. The labor force participation rate was 16.1% for illiterate females, 26.6% for females who graduated from school less than high school, 32.7% for females who graduated from high school, 40.8% for females who graduated from vocational high school and 71.6% for females who graduated from higher education.
Every 4 out of 5 males found it appropriate for females to work
According to family structure survey, 2016 results; the proportion of individuals who approved females’ working was totally 84.9%, the proportion of males who approved it was 78.1% and the proportion of females who approved females’ working was 91.5%.
When the proportions of individuals who approved females’ working was analyzed by Statistical Regions (SR) Level 1, the highest proportion was in TR3 Aegean (İzmir, Aydın, Denizli, Muğla, Manisa, Afyonkarahisar, Kütahya, Uşak) with 90.6% and the lowest was in TRC South East Anatolia (Gaziantep, Adıyaman, Kilis, Şanlıurfa, Diyarbakır, Mardin, Batman, Şırnak, Siirt) with 71.5%.
Females who graduated from higher education earned more income
According to income and living conditions survey results; while working females who graduated from higher education had average annual main job income as 29 thousand 238 TL, working females who graduated from high school had average annual main job income as 16 thousand 124 TL in 2015. Females who didn’t complete any school had average annual main job income as 8 thousand 528 TL.
34.3% of the first marriages was realized between the ages of 20-24 in females
According to family structure survey, 2016 results; when the first marriage ages declared in the survey by individuals aged 15 and older and who experienced marriage was analysed, it was seen that first marriages mostly took place between the ages of 20-24 with 37.5% in Turkey. While the proportion of males who married for the first time in the 20-24 age group was 41.3%, this proportion was 34.3% for females.
In the case of conflict, spouses reacted with shouting to each other mostly
According to family structure survey, 2016 results; in the case of conflict between the spouses, 75.3% of males and 66.2% of females reacted with shouting/raising their voices to their spouses mostly. 55.1% of males and 64.2% of females remained silent in the case of conflict. 3.6% of males and 2.4% of females used physical violence to their spouses when they were in conflict.
According to Statistical Regions (SR) Level 1, the highest proportion of using physical violence to spouses was highest in TRC South East Anatolia (Gaziantep, Adıyaman, Kilis, Şanlıurfa, Diyarbakır, Mardin, Batman, Şırnak, Siirt). In this region 8.6% of males, 7.5% of females used physical violence to their spouses.
The proportion of males’ using physical violence was lowest in TR3 Aegean (İzmir, Aydın, Denizli, Muğla, Manisa, Afyonkarahisar, Kütahya, Uşak) with 1.7%, this proportion for females was lowest in TR4 East Marmara (Bursa, Eskişehir, Bilecik, Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova) with 0.7%.
Household chores and responsibilities were shared with paying regard to sex
According to family structure survey, 2016 results; it was observed that while females did continuous house works like cooking, dishwashing, laundering, cleaning the house and ironing, males did works which had apparency and definite beginning and ending like repairing, painting the house, paying the bills.
Throughout Turkey, cooking was done by females with the proportion of 91.2%, by males with 8.8%. Painting the house was done by males with the proportion of 80.4%, this proportion was 19.6% for females.
Married males and females are happier
According to life satisfaction survey results; the proportion of individuals who declared themselves as happy was 61.3% in 2016. While the level of happiness was 58.1% for males, it was 64.5% for females. It was seen that 64.7% of married individuals, 57.3% of individuals who never married, 50.9% of widowed individuals and 32.5% of divorced individuals were happy.
60.8% of married males, 68.3% of married females declared themselves as happy. While 54.5% of males who never married and 62.1% of females who never married were happy, 29% of divorced males and 35.5% of divorced females were happy. It was seen that 53.1% of widowed males and 50.5% of widowed females were happy.
Level of happiness by marital status, 2016
About 4 out of every 10 females felt insecure in their own neighborhood
According to life satisfaction survey results; while the proportion of the individuals who felt insecure when they were walking alone at night in their own neighborhood was 26.2% totally, this proportion was 15.2% for males and 37% for females in 2016. 71% of males and 47.5% of females felt themselves secure in their own neighborhood.
The proportion of the individuals who felt insecure when they were alone at home was 7.9% in total, this proportion was 4.5% for males, 11.2% for females. 86.7% of males, 76% of females felt themselves secure when they were alone at home in 2016.
Deaths caused by diseases of the circulatory system took first place
According to causes of death statistics results; among the causes of death cases in 2015, diseases of the circulatory system were in the first place with 40.3%, neoplasms were in the second order with 20% and diseases of the respiratory system were in the third order with 11.1%.
When the causes of death cases were examined by sex, for females diseases of the circulatory system were in the first place with 44.3%, neoplasms were in the second order with 15.5% and diseases of the respiratory system were in the third order with 10.1%. For males the sequence of the death causes is similar with the females, diseases of the circulatory system were in the first place with 36.8%, neoplasms were in the second order with 23.9% and diseases of the respiratory system were in the third order with 11.9%.
Females participated less in political life than males
While the proportion of female deputies was 4.5% in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey in 1935, this proportion has increased to 14.7% after 81 years. The total number of ministers in 2016 in Turkey is 27 and the number of female ministers is only 1. While the proportion of female mayors in local governments was 0.9% in 2009 local elections, this proportion was 2.9% in 2014 local elections. While the proportion of female head of quarters was 2.3% in 2009 local elections, this proportion was 2% in 2014 local elections.
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