Statistics on Environment, 2016
Since 2014, Turkish Statistical Institute has been issuing publications on special occasions with reference to the importance of the day. A summary of environmental statistics produced by TurkStat is presented in this press release “Statistics on Environment, 2016” for World Environment Day.
Greenhouse gas emissions were calculated as 496.1 Mt CO2 equivalent
The greenhouse gas inventory results revealed that the overall greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as CO2 equivalent for the year 2016 were 496.1 million tonnes (Mt). The energy sector accounted for the largest share of GHG emissions at 72.8%. The energy sector was followed by the industrial processes and product use with 12.6%, the agricultural activities with 11.4% and the waste with 3.3%. CO2 eq. emissions per capita was calculated as 6.3 tonnes and emission intensity was calculated as 0.19 kg CO2 eq./GDP (TL) for the year 2016.
17.3 billion m3 of water was abstracted from the environment
In 2016, a total amount of 17.3 billion m3 of water was abstracted from the environment in order to be distributed via water supply networks by municipalities and villages and used by manufacturing industry establishments, thermal power plants, organized industrial zones, and mining establishments. Out of the total amount, 58.2% was abstracted from sea, 16.1% from dams, 13% from wells, 7.9% from springs and 4.8% from other sources.
It is determined that out of the total amount abstracted from the environment, 33.7% was abstracted by municipalities, 49.7% by thermal power plants, 12.2% by manufacturing industry establishments, 2.2% by villages, 0.9% by organized industrial zones, and 1.3% by mining establishments.
98% of the population was served by water supply networks
In 2016, it is determined that 98.2% of the municipal population and 99.2% of the rural population was served by water supply networks.
79.2% of wastewater was discharged to sea
In 2016, municipalities, villages, manufacturing industry establishments, thermal power plants, organized industrial zones, and mining establishments discharged 14.9 billion m3 of wastewater to the environment. Out of the amount discharged to the environment, 79.2% was discharged to sea, 17.5% to rivers, and 3.3% to other receiving bodies.
It is determined that out of the total amount of wastewater discharged to the environment, 56.9% was discharged by thermal power plants, 28.5% by municipalities, 11.3% by manufacturing industry establishments, 0.8% by villages, 1.5% by organized industrial zones, and 1% by mining establishments.
88% of population was served by sewerage systems
In 2016, 90% of the municipal population and 54% of the rural population was served by sewerage systems. It is determined that wastewater of 75% of the municipal population, 8% of the rural population, and thus 71% of the total population was treated.
5.7 million tonnes of hazardous waste was generated
In 2016, manufacturing industry establishments, thermal power plants, organized industrial zones, mining establishments and health institutions generated 45 million tonnes of waste of which 5.7 million tonnes was hazardous. Amount of overburden and taillings from mining sector were determined as 802 million tonnes.
99% of municipal population was served by waste collection services
It is determined that waste collection services were provided in 1 390 municipalitie, whereas 7 municipalities did not provide any waste collection services. Out of the 31.6 million tonnes of waste collected in municipalities, 28.8% was disposed of in municipal dumps, whereas 61.2% was transferred to controlled landfill sites, 9.8% to waste recovery facilities and 0.2% was disposed of by other methods.
81 thousand tonnes of medical waste was collected
81 thousand tonnes of medical waste was collected from health institutions (university hospitals and their clinics, general purpose hospitals and their clinics, maternity hospitals and their clinics, military hospitals and their clinics). Out of the total amount of medical waste collected,17.3% was disposed of in municipal dumping sites, 67.2% was landfilled in controlled landfill sites,15.5% was incinerated.
1 698 waste disposal and recovery facilities were in operation
In 2016, a total number of 1 698 waste disposal and recovery facilities having a licence or a temporary licence or, regardless of licence, operated by or on behalf of municipalities were in operation. 140 of these facilities were waste disposal facilities and 1 558 were waste recovery facilities. It is determined that 44 million tonnes of waste was landfilled and 310 thousand tonnes of waste was incinerated, whereas 33 million tonnes of waste was recovered in recovery facilities.
Total environmental expenditure was realised as 31.8 billion TL
Total environmental expenditure was realized as 31.8 billion TL in 2016. Out of the total environmental expenditure, public sector accounted for 76.1% and business sector accounted for 23.9%. The share of total environmental expenditure in gross domestic product was 1.2%.
Environmental tax revenue accrued as 88.7 billion TL
Total of environmental taxes accrued as 88.7 billion TL in 2016. In total environmental taxes, energy taxes accounted for 65.3%, followed by transport taxes as 33.5%, and resource and pollution taxes as 1.2% in 2016.
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Source: TUIK
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